2025 Caterpillar Season – Yellow-haired Dagger

Yellow-haired Dagger
Acronicta impleta fam. Noctuidae (Hodges#9257)
Host plant: Found on red oak (Quercus sp.)
Dates and locations: 23, Aug, 2025 – Tyson Research Center, St. Louis County, MO; 06, Sep, 2026 – Babler State Park, St. Louis County, MO
Notes: Batesian mimicry, a form of mimicry wherein a harmless species has evolved to imitate the warning signals of a harmful species in order to benefit from these signals’ tendency to deter their mutual predators, is common among adult moths and butterflies. However, it has been found to be rare in caterpillars. The yellow-haired dagger seems to be a rare case of this defense in caterpillars as it seems to mimic tussock moth caterpillars (Dasychira, Orgyia) in both appearance and behavior.

2025 Caterpillar Season – Georgian Prominent

Georgian Prominent
Paraeschra georgica fam. Notodontidae (Hodges#7917)
Host plant: Found on red oak (Quercus sp.)
Date found: 30, Aug, 2025
Location found: Tyson Research Center, St. Louis County, MO
Notes: This is the first from a series of caterpillars I will be sharing from a new survey project that will document the caterpillars of Tyson Research Center.

Council Bluff Lake Lepidopterans – The Adults

Going back to the August 16th WGNSS trip to Council Bluff Lake. After a day (and night) of caterpillar hunting, a couple of us set up light stations to attract nocturnal insects. Here are a few of the moths that I photographed from this evening.

Erebidae

Allotria elonympha (false underwing Hodges#8721)

Geometridae

Euchlaena amoenaria (deep yellow euchlaena, Hodges#6733)

Noctuidae

Acronicta immodica (medium oak dagger. Hodges#9242.1)
Acronicta lobeliae (greater oak dagger, Hodges#9238)

Click here to see photos of the greater oak dagger caterpillar

Chytonix palliatricula (cloaked marvel, Hodges#9556)
Polygrammate hebraeicum (The Hebrew, Hodges#9285)

Click here to see photos of the Hebrew caterpillar

Acronicta funeralis (funerary dagger/paddle caterpillar, Hodges#9221)

Click here to see photos of the paddle caterpillar (final instar)
Click here to see photos of the paddle caterpillar (mid-instar)

Notodontidae

Cecrita biundata (wavy-lined prominent, Hodges#7995)
Furcula borealis (white furcula, Hodges#7936)

Saturniidae

Antheraea polyphemus (polyphemus moth, Hodges#7757)

Click here to see a photo of the caterpillar of the polyphemus moth caterpillar

Sphingidae

Darapsa myron (Virginia creeper sphinx, Hodges#7885)

Click here to see a photo of the Virginia creeper sphinx moth caterpillar

2025 Caterpillar Season – Spotted Phosphila

Spotted Phosphila
Phosphila miselioides fam. Noctuidae (Hodges#9619)
Host plant: Found on greenbrier (Smilax sp.)
Date found: 16, Aug, 2025
Location found: Council Bluff Lake, Iron County, MO
Notes: Two species of Phosphila can be found in Missouri. This was found during the WGNSS joint Entomology and Nature Photography Groups’ outing to Council Bluff Lake.

2025 Caterpillar Season – Double-toothed Prominent

Double-toothed Prominent
Nerice bidentata fam. Notodontidae (Hodges#7929)
Host plant: Found on elm (Ulmus sp.)
Date found: 16, Aug,, 2025
Location found: Council Bluff Lake, Iron County, MO
Notes: Also known as the stegosaurus, this species is an elm specialist. This was found during the WGNSS joint Entomology and Nature Photography Groups’ outing to Council Bluff Lake.

Grassland Bird Nesting

Back in early June of this year, the WGNSS Nature Photography Group travelled east to Pyramid State Recreation Area in Perry County, Illinois. Here we met with Stacia Novy, a wildlife biologist working with Southern Illinois University. Stacia’s goals are to find and identify grassland bird species nests, collect morphometric, embryonic and maturation data on eggs and nestlings, and to document fledging and depredation rates. Stacia is a true professional and she took care in how we approached nests and got our photographs. She finds dozens of nests each year and collects important data used for conservation and habitat management decisions.

Stacia Novy (on ladder) collecting data on eggs and nestlings

Approximately 60% of all of North America’s grasslands have been destroyed due to agriculture and other development purposes. Unsurprisingly, grassland species in general are the most at risk birds from this loss of habitat. The numbers of these obligate grassland species have declined by 40% since 1970.

An egg buoyancy/density test is performed to determine egg age and potential viability

Due to high incidence of predation, grassland bird species must be quite careful about where and how they place their nests. Stacia showed us the types of vegetation different species like to use and how they attempt to camouflage their nests. It takes a lot of work and diligence to find these nests and we appreciated Stacia sharing some of these with us.

Stacia measures eggs

Here are some of the photos I took with my cellphone of some of the species we were fortunate to be able to see.

A Brown Thrasher parent staying on the nest until the last minute
Inside the Brown Thrasher nest
A Gray Catbird’s nest
Another Gray Catbird nest we found this day with newly hatched chicks
Beautiful eggs inside a Redwing Blackbird nest
The even more startingly-blue eggs of the Dickcissel
The same Dickcissel nest days later. Photo by Stacia Novy.
The nest of one of my top five favorite birds – the Bell’s Vireo
Bell’s Vireo eggs
The same Bell’s Vireo nest days later. Photo by Stacia Novy.

2025 Caterpillar Season – Tufted Bird Dropping Moth

Tufted Bird Dropping Moth
Cerma cerintha fam. Noctuidae (Hodges#9062)
Host plant: Host plant not recorded but species is known to feed on Rosaceae Family members
Date found: 16, Aug,, 2025
Location found: Council Bluff Lake, Iron County, MO
Notes: As should be obvious by the common name, the adults of this moth are bird dropping mimics. These caterpillars tunnel into soft wood at the end of the season where they overwinter as a pupa.

2025 Caterpillar Season – Promethea Silkmoth

Promethea Silkmoth
Callosamia promethea fam. Saturniidae (Hodges#7764)
Host plant: Found on buttonbush (Cephalanthus occidentalis)
Date found: Sep, 2025
Location found: St. Louis County, MO
Notes: One of my notable “finds” of the season for me. This was my first look and photographs of this magnificent silkmoth species. Many thanks to Harit Kaur Bal who originally found a group of these caterpillars and to Chris Brown for inviting me over to photograph a couple of these beasts that he collected for rearing.

Typical pose of a promethea silkmoth upon being disturbed
After being out of their enclosure for a few minutes these caterpillars realized we meant them no harm and got busy feeding.
The backsides of caterpillars are often interesting and this one is more interesting than most for obvious reasons 🙂
Callosamia promethea (promethea silkmoth)
The bashful model…

2025 Caterpillar Season – Some Nice Slugs

The following images were taken of a band of travelling slug moth caterpillars during our overnight WGNSS trip to Council Bluff Lake in mid-August of this year. Many thanks to Eva Weideman who collected these from her home hunting grounds in Franklin County, MO and brought them for us to observe and photograph.

Euclea delphinii (spiney oak slug moth)

Isochaetes beutenmuelleri (Beutenmueller’s slug moth/spun glass slug moth)

Parasa chloris (smaller parasa)

Parasa indetermina (stinging rose moth)

2025 Caterpillar Season – Red-washed Prominent

Red-washed Prominent
Oligocentria semirufescens fam. Notodontidae (Hodges#8012)
Host plant: Found on redbud (Cercis canadensis)
Date found: 16, Aug, 2025
Location found: Council Bluff Lake, Iron County, MO
Notes: This was found during the WGNSS joint Entomology and Nature Photography Groups’ outing to Council Bluff Lake.