2024 Caterpillar Season – The Unidentified

With books, apps and internet sources, I think I did a fair job of identifying most of the caterpillars that came my way this year. There are still a few that I have not been able to identify, however. I placed the following on iNaturalist and Bugguide months ago, but so far no experts have given their opinions. If you have any ideas that could help, I’d appreciate to hear them.

This first cute little one I found at Englemann Woods N.A. in Franklin County, MO in late June. I wish I had taken more photos. I think this could be one of the punkies (fam. Nolidae), but it might also belong to one of the other spiney families.

This next one is part of a group I really loath to try to identify – nondescript green cats. I’ve gone through the guides numerous times but simply couldn’t find a perfect match. It most likely belongs to the Noctuidae family, but that doesn’t narrow it down very far. This was also found at Englemann Woods N.A. in late June and found on white oak (Quercus alba).

Next up is also a group that I haven’t gotten the hang of yet. This is likely a tiger moth (subfam. Arctiinae), but I’m not sure where to begin there. Found at Prairie Garden Trust on July 6th. Host plant not recorded.

Finally, a cat that I found in a leaf shelter of Vitis aestivalis at Kaintuck Hollow in Phelps County on July 13th. I believe this might be Herpetogramma aeglealis (fam. Carambidae) but it’s not close enough for me to be certain.

Herpetogramma aeglealis?

2024 Caterpillar Season – Locust Leafroller Moth

Locust Leafroller Moth
Sciota subcaesiella fam. Pyralidae
Host plant: honey locust (Gleditsia triacanthos)
Dates found: 14, Sep, 2024
Locations Found: Kaintuck Hollow, Phelps County, MO
Notes: Often wraps itself inside leaf nests much like skippers.

2024 Caterpillar Season – Parasitized Inchworm

I found this unfortunate little geometrid caterpillar during a hunting session at work back in July. In these photos it is serving as host to some ectoparasitoid wasps in the Eulophidae family. I attempted to rear these but everyone succumbed in quick order.

2024 Caterpillar Season – Radcliffe’s Dagger

Splendid Dagger Radcliffe’s Dagger
Acronicta superans raddcliffei fam. Noctuidae
Host plant: Not recorded
Dates found: 17, Aug, 2024
Locations Found: Schoolcraft Prairie, Washington County, MO
Notes: Edit – 2/Jan/2026. Science is learning and correcting our mistakes when possible. There have been no confirmed collections of A. superans in MO per Heitzman’s catalogue. The larva of A. superans looks quite similar to the penultimate instar of A. radcliffei, which I now believe this larvae should be labeled as. The primary differences are that A. superans will have black snowflaking on the head, whereas A. radcliffei will have this patterning in red. Another potential option is A. hasta, but I think less likely. All three are cherry/rose specialists. That said, it would not be out of the question for A. superans to be found in Missouri. If any who may have found this post has reason to disagree with my determination, I’d appreciate hearing from you.

2024 Caterpillar Season – Ailanthus Webworm

Ailanthus Webworm
Atteva aurea fam. Attevidae
Host plant: Leitneria floridana (corkwood)
Dates found: 14, Jul, 2024
Locations Found: Shaw Nature Reserve, St. Louis County, MO
Notes: Originally native to southern Florida and other neotropical countries where it hosted on members of the Simaroubaceae. It has expanded its range following the introduction and escape of the invasive Chinese tree-of-heaven, Ailanthus altissima, which is the most common host for this species in Missouri.

2024 Caterpillar Season – Crowned Slug Moth

Crowned Slug Moth
Isa textula fam. Limacodidae
Host plant: Found on sassafras (Sassafras albidum)
Dates found: 5, Oct, 2024
Locations Found: Daniel Boone Conservation Area, Warren County, MO
Notes: I was getting a bit tired of simply shooting slug moth caterpillars from the typical overhead viewpoint that is often seen with these “flatter” species. In this image I used the Canon TS-E 90mm f/2.8L macro lens along with a 36mm extension tube. This allowed me to change the plane of focus in order to get the entire animal with acceptable depth of field despite the angle I shot it with and get the magnification and detail I wanted. It isn’t necessarily the most pleasing image compositionally, but I have used this approach with several slow moving slug moth caterpillars this season and I am liking this technique.

2024 Caterpillar Season – Red-washed Prominent

Red-washed Prominent
Oligocentria semirufescens fam. Notodontidae
Host plant: Not recorded
Dates found: 14, Sep, 2024
Locations Found: Kaintuck Hollow, Phelps County, MO
Notes: Typically feeds against midvein of leaves where it perfectly resembles necrotic or blightened leaf sections.

2024 Caterpillar Season – Retarded Dagger

Retarded Dagger
Acronicta retardata fam. Noctuidae
Host plant: Found on boxelder (Acer negundo).
Dates found: 13, Sep, 2024
Locations Found: River’s Edge Park, St. Louis County, MO
Notes: This species has multiple broods each year and mature caterpillars can be found from May through October in Missouri.

2024 Caterpillar Season – Black-blotched Prominent

Black-blotched Prominent
Oedemasia leptinoides fam. Notodontidae
Host plant: Found on hickory (Carya sp.).
Dates found: 14, Sep, 2024
Locations Found: Kaintuck Hollow, Phelps County, MO
Notes: Recently moved from genus Schizura.

Black-blotched Prominent
Oedemasia leptinoides fam. Notodontidae
Host plant: unknown
Dates found: 24, Aug, 2024
Locations Found: Schoolcraft Prairie, Washington County, MO
Notes: Found crossing trail. Potentially pre-pupal.

2024 Caterpillar Season – Spiny Oakworm Moth

Spiny Oakworm Moth
Anisota stigma fam. Saturniidae
Host plant: Found on post oak (Quercus stellata).
Dates found: 24, Aug, 2024
Locations Found: Schoolcraft Prairie, Washington County, MO
Notes: For a Saturn moth, this species is diminutive and overlooked but still quite stunning!