Lace-capped Caterpillar
Ianassa lignicolor fam. Notodontidae
Host plant: Oaks and other Fagaceae members
Date found: 21, Sep, 2024
Locations Found: Onondaga Cave State Park, Crawford County, MO
Notes: Adult moth is named white-streaked prominent.
Tag: wildlife photography
As High as a Kite
The St. Louis birding community had quite a treat in late August and early September of this year. At Columbia Bottom Conservation Area, soaring among literally dozens of Mississippi Kites were a few Kites not like the others. Three Swallow-tailed Kites, a species that is most often found in southern-Atlantic and gulf coast states of the U.S., were visiting the area taking advantage of the abundant grasshoppers, dragonflies and annual cicadas in the skies above the grasslands and woods of the confluence area.
I was naive to the feeding habits of these large birds. In my limited experience with this species in states like Georgia and Texas, I had observed them feeding on larger vertebrate prey like snakes, lizards and small birds. Like their smaller relatives, the Mississippi Kite, this species primarily consumes larger flying insects like cicadas. During my three days of chasing these three birds, I found them eating mostly large grasshoppers.
Photographing these birds was unexpectedly frustrating for me and my friends. On the days we were there, the birds did not take to the air until temperatures were sufficiently high to have their insect prey in flight. This meant that we saw them mostly in the hours between 9:00 am and 3:00 pm when light was not ideal and heat distortion in the air would brought us severe frustrations. Although we often found the birds soaring fairly close over our heads, the heat distortion rendered most of our images with disappointing softness. Most of the thousands of images we took were destined for the recycle bins.




As I mentioned above, Mississippi Kites were found in abundance as well. They must have had a great nesting season as most of the birds I observed seemed to be juveniles. Here are a few of the images I was able to get of these guys.





This seems to have been an unprecedented year for Swallow-tailed Kites in Missouri. In addition to the three I mentioned here, birds of this species were found in other counties across the state. Hopefully this might be another species that we see more often in the future.
2024 Caterpillar Season – Nason’s Slug Moth
Nason’s Slug Moth
Natada nasoni fam. Limacodidae
Host plant: Found on oak (Quercus sp.)
Date found: 07, Sep, 2024
Locations Found: Kaintuck Hollow, Phelps County, MO
Notes: Named after William Abbott Nason, American entomologist (1841-1914).



2024 Caterpillar Season – Variable Oakleaf Caterpillar
Variable Oakleaf Caterpillar
Lochmaeus manteo and L. bilineata fam. Notodontidae
Host plant: Found on oaks (Quercus sp.)
Date found: Multiple dates in August – September, 2024
Locations Found: Hawn State Park, Ste. Genevieve County, MO; Onondaga Cave State Park, Crawford County, MO
Notes: Highly variable and larvae are apparently impossible to distinguish between the two species.
First, a glimpse of the variable patterns and colors of these cats.





The adult photographed at Schoolcraft Prairie in Washington County, MO in mid-August, 2024.
Treehoppers
While beat-sheeting lots of trees this year looking for cats, a number of other arthropods would inevitably show up, including spiders, walking sticks, mantids, and treehoppers (fam. Membracidae). Some of these treehoppers were too cool not to setup for some photography.



Microcentrus perditus



Platycotis vittata nymphs
2024 Caterpillar Season – White-dotted Prominent
White-dotted Prominent
Nadata gibbosa fam. Notodontidae
Host plant: Found on white oak (Quercus alba)
Date found: 02, Sep, 2024
Location Found: Hawn State Park, Ste. Genevieve County, MO
Notes: One of the most common finds while searching oak trees.


2024 Caterpillar Season – Monkey Slug
Monkey Slug Moth (Hag Moth)
Phobetron pithecium fam. Limacodidae
Host plant: Found on oak (Quercus sp)
Date found: 02, Sep, 2024
Location Found: Hickory Canyon Natural Area, Ste. Genevieve County, MO
Notes: One theory to explain their appearance is that they evolved to mimic the shed exoskeletons of tarantulas.





2024 Caterpillar Season – Maple Spanworm
Maple Spanworm
Ennomos magnaria fam. Geometridae
Host plant: Found on ash (Fraxinus sp)
Date found: 02, Sep, 2024
Location Found: Hickory Canyon Natural Area, Ste. Genevieve County, MO
Notes: While caterpillars of this species are perfect twig mimics, the adults of this species look amazingly like autumn-turned maple leaves.


2024 Caterpillar Season – Spotted Apatelodes
Spotted Apatelodes
Apatelodes torrefacta fam. Apatelodidae
Host plant: Found on white oak (Quercus alba)
Date found: 02, Sep, 2024
Location Found: Hawn State Park, Ste. Genevieve County, MO
Notes: Adults of this species are as unique and fantastic as the larvae.




2024 Caterpillar Season – Harvey’s Prominent Moth
Harvey’s Prominent Moth
Litodonta hydromeli fam. Notodontidae
Host plant: Found on gum bumelia (Sideroxylon lanuginosum)
Date found: 24, Aug, 2024
Location Found: Washington State Park, Washington County, MO
Notes: Beating Sideroxylon lanuginosum trees within the glades of Washington SP proved fruitful in finding several of these fascinating caterpillars. Using Weller, 1987 these can be identified as a third instar and fifth instar larvae. Last year we found a forth instar of this species.
Third instar Litodonta hydromeli.














